Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis (arthritis or degenerative joint disease) is one of the most common chronic conditions affecting older dogs and cats. It occurs when the smooth cartilage within a joint gradually wears down, leading to inflammation, discomfort, stiffness, and reduced mobility over time.

Arthritis can affect pets of any age, but it is more commonly seen in senior pets, overweight animals, large breed dogs, and pets with previous joint injuries or orthopaedic conditions. Because arthritis develops gradually, many pets show subtle signs that are often mistaken for “normal ageing.”

Signs of Arthritis in Pets

Pets with osteoarthritis may show:

  • Stiffness, especially after rest
  • Slowing down on walks
  • Difficulty jumping, climbing stairs, or getting into the car
  • Reluctance to play or exercise
  • Limping or altered gait
  • Trouble rising after lying down
  • Muscle loss
  • Behavioural changes such as irritability or withdrawal
  • Sleeping more than usual

Cats are particularly good at hiding pain, so signs may be more subtle. Arthritic cats may stop jumping onto furniture, hesitate before jumping, sleep more, groom less, avoid stairs, or have litter tray accidents due to difficulty climbing into trays.

Diagnosing Osteoarthritis

Diagnosis is based on your pet’s history, clinical examination, mobility assessment, and sometimes X-rays. Our veterinarians will assess your pet’s joints, mobility, muscle condition, and overall comfort to help develop an individual treatment plan.

Early diagnosis and management can significantly improve quality of life and help pets remain comfortable and active for longer. 

Managing Arthritis

While arthritis cannot be cured, there are many ways to successfully manage pain, improve mobility, and slow progression of the disease. Most pets benefit from a combination of treatments tailored to their individual needs.

Management options may include:

  • Weight management
  • Joint supplements
  • Prescription arthritis medications
  • Monthly arthritis injections
  • Controlled exercise programs
  • Physiotherapy and rehabilitation
  • Home environment modifications
  • Pain management plans
  • Supportive bedding and non-slip flooring

Maintaining a healthy body weight is one of the most important ways to reduce stress on painful joints and improve mobility.

Helping Your Pet at Home

Simple changes at home can make a big difference for arthritic pets:

  • Provide soft, supportive bedding
  • Use non-slip mats on slippery floors
  • Provide ramps or steps for furniture or cars
  • Keep litter trays easy to access for cats
  • Maintain regular gentle exercise
  • Avoid sudden intense activity on weekends only

Many owners are surprised how much improvement can occur once arthritis pain is recognised and treated appropriately.

If you think your pet may be showing signs of arthritis, contact Bohle Veterinary Surgery to arrange an assessment and discuss treatment options to help keep your pet comfortable and active.